This report results from a year long study conducted by the 华体会 and partially supported by the Smith Richardson Foundation. Principal Investigator Richard Weitz produced the report, supported by several commissioned papers and a day-long policy workshop, to assess the possible evolution of the main foundations of Russian power, focusing on key transition points and the windows of strength and vulnerability they create for Russian policy makers.

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Bucket-wheel excavators mine rare earth materials on Ukrainian soil on February 25, 2025, in the Zhytomyr region of Ukraine. (Kostiantyn Liberov via Getty Images)